The Financial Sample Dataset by Microsoft is a comprehensive dataset widely used for analyzing and visualizing financial performance. It contains 16 columns representing various metrics related to sales, costs, and profits across different products, countries, and time periods. Here’s an explanation of each column:

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1. Segment: Represents the customer segment (e.g., Government, Midmarket) targeted for sales.
2. Country: Indicates the country where the sales transactions occurred.
3. Product: Specifies the product sold (e.g., Velo, Amarilla).
4. Discount Band: Refers to the range of discounts applied to the product (e.g., None, High).
5. Units Sold: The total quantity of products sold.
6. Manufacturing Price: The cost of manufacturing one unit of the product.
7. Sale Price: The selling price of one unit of the product.
8. Gross Sales: The total revenue before applying any discounts, calculated as: Gross Sales=Units Sold×Sale Price\text{Gross Sales} = \text{Units Sold} \times \text{Sale Price}
9. Discounts: The total value of discounts applied to the sales.
10. Sales: The net revenue after discounts, calculated as: Sales=Gross Sales−Discounts\text{Sales} = \text{Gross Sales} – \text{Discounts}
11. COGS (Cost of Goods Sold): The direct costs of producing the goods sold.
12. Profit: The remaining revenue after subtracting COGS from Sales: Profit=Sales−COGS\text{Profit} = \text{Sales} – \text{COGS}
13. Date: The transaction date.
14. Month Number: The numerical representation of the transaction month.
15. Month Name: The name of the transaction month (e.g., January).
16. Year: The year of the transaction.

This dataset is ideal for financial dashboards and KPIs, enabling users to analyze sales performance, profit margins, and discount effectiveness across regions, products, and time periods. It supports advanced visualizations such as trends, comparisons, and profitability analysis.