DAX Codes KPI explanation and Visuals Explanation are as follows:

Dataset Description and Link are given here: https://colorstech.net/data-analytics/consumer-price-index-cpi-forecast-data-for-food-items-in-the-usa-for-practice/

Get Heatmap Visual in Power BI from here : https://appsource.microsoft.com/en-us/product/power-bi-visuals/

Get Power BI Course On Udemy : https://www.udemy.com/course/power-bi-tutorial-for-beginners-to-advanced/

KPI

Avg. CPI % Change (overall average inflation rate)

Highest Inflation Year (year with max CPI increase)

DAX code:

Max_CPI_Change = MAX(‘CPI_dataset'[forecast_percent_change])

Highest_Inflation_Year =
VAR MaxCPI = MAX(‘CPI_dataset'[forecast_percent_change])
RETURN
SELECTEDVALUE(‘CPI_dataset'[year_being_forecast],
CALCULATE(MAX(‘CPI_dataset'[year_being_forecast]),
‘CPI_dataset'[forecast_percent_change] = MaxCPI
)
)

Lowest Inflation Year (year with min CPI increase)

Lower_Inflation_Year =
VAR MinCPI = MIN(‘CPI_dataset'[forecast_percent_change])
RETURN
SELECTEDVALUE(‘CPI_dataset'[year_being_forecast],
CALCULATE(MIN(‘CPI_dataset'[year_being_forecast]),
‘CPI_dataset'[forecast_percent_change] = MinCPI
)
)

Most Volatile Food Category (category with highest price fluctuations)

Definition of Volatility:

Volatility can be measured using Standard Deviation of the forecast_percent_change for each food category.
A higher standard deviation means greater price fluctuations.

Category_Volatility =
CALCULATE(
STDEV.P(‘CPI_dataset'[forecast_percent_change]),
ALLEXCEPT(‘CPI_dataset’, ‘CPI_dataset'[consumer_price_index_item])
)

Explanation:

STDEV.P calculates the standard deviation of CPI % changes.
ALLEXCEPT ensures the calculation is grouped by consumer_price_index_item (food category).

Most_Volatile_Category =
VAR MaxVolatilityTable =
TOPN(1,
SUMMARIZE(
‘CPI_dataset’,
‘CPI_dataset'[consumer_price_index_item],
“Volatility”, STDEV.P(‘CPI_dataset'[forecast_percent_change])
),
[Volatility], DESC
)
RETURN
MAXX(MaxVolatilityTable, ‘CPI_dataset'[consumer_price_index_item])

Line Chart: Yearly CPI Trend (2002-2023)

X-axis: Year
Y-axis: CPI % Change
Lines: Different food categories
Insights: Shows long-term inflation patterns across food categories.

Clustered Bar Chart: Category-wise CPI % Change Comparison

X-axis: Food Categories
Y-axis: CPI % Change
Insights: Identifies which food items experienced the highest/lowest inflation.

Ribbon Chart (Best for Showing Ranges Between Forecasts)

Use When: You want to visualize forecast uncertainty with clear banding between Upper and Lower Bound.
How to Create:
    X-axis: Time (Year/Month)
    Y-axis: CPI Value
    Legend: Attribute
    Sorting: Ensure Midpoint is in the middle, with Upper and Lower bounds above/below.